MPs Doubt Gatwick Growth Boost

The Government's decision to approve a huge expansion of Gatwick Airport has been followed by a legal challenge and strong criticism from a cross-party group of MPs.

The Commons Environmental Audit Select Committee stated: "Whilst the Government support for airport expansion has been largely based on its expectation of economic growth, the Government has been unable to direct the Committee to any evidence that supports its assertion."

The committee pointed out that British tourists travelling internationally spend more money abroad than is received through tourists coming to the UK, accounting for a deficit of around £40 billion per year.

The committee concluded: "It is possible that an increase in airport capacity would increase this tourism deficit and lead to further financial impacts on the UK domestic tourism industry".

The committee also cited evidence of potential growth due to aviation from Heathrow expansion, commissioned by Heathrow published by Frontier Economics in January 2025 which found that a third runway would provide an additional 0.43% to UK GDP by 2050. But this modelling was challenged by Dr David Metz, former Chief Scientist at the Department for Transport, who said the kind of modelling used in this study has gained “little credence” previously.

The committee's report cited witnesses Andrew Meaney, Head of Transport at Oxera and Dr Alex Chapman, Senior Economist at the New Economics Foundation who stated that apparent growth figures due to aviation often involved "double counting" and the two economists suggested jobs created through airport functions, such as retail and hospitality, may just move economic benefit from another part of the economy.

The committee concluded: "The Government is yet to set out how it will ensure climate, environment and biodiversity targets can be delivered whilst consenting to airport expansion; and what level of economic growth the UK can expect from this significant infrastructure development. The Government should do so at the earliest opportunity."

Gatwick estimates the expansion could result in more than 100,000 extra flights per year by the late 2030s, and says passenger numbers could rise from 40 million a year to 80 million.

When making the announcement, the Chancellor Rachel Reeves dismissed climate concerns, telling reporters: "People going on holiday will have a greater choice of destinations. It will mean lower costs for a family holiday."

Rachel Reeves also set aside the potential hit to economic activity in the UK arising from greater spending by UK tourists overseas, continuing: "It will also mean more good jobs paying decent wages through this injection of cash into our economy. We said as a government we would back the builders and not the blockers - and that is exactly what we are doing with this announcement."

The Conservative MP for Tonbridge, Tom Tugendhat, called the announcement "hugely disappointing."

The former Green Party parliamentary candidate for Tonbridge, Anna Cope, spelled out her party's outright opposition to the expansion of Gatwick. She said the UK economy would benefit much more from investment in public transport like affordable rail travel to make UK holidays more popular.

On Monday 3rd November, a legal challenge was filed by campaign group Communities Against Gatwick Noise Emissions (CAGNE), opposing the Gatwick expansion plans.

Gatwick said it intended to participate in the proceedings as an interested party but "while legal proceedings are in progress it would not be appropriate to comment any further".

Sally Pavey, chair of CAGNE, said:

“The only guarantees Gatwick offered were significant increases in noise and more pressure on our sewage system, whilst increasing global warming – to allow a huge increase in seasonal leisure flights exporting sterling out of the UK purse.

“It is absolutely shameful that residents are forced to take legal action to hold a government to account. Months were spent examining the Gatwick submissions, yet a government can just ignore the outcome for refusal, granting unsustainable growth at any price to the local environment and the planet.

“To build a brighter future, you must look to what is sustainable, to what legacy we wish to leave future generations. One that increases global warming per Gatwick flight that costs less than a train fare to London, or one that presents a sustainable future for all.”

CAGNE says the impact of the expansion on climate change has not been properly assessed, and as a result, development consent should not have been granted.

The group says there are a number of gaps in the environmental assessment of the development. These include a failure to properly evaluate the significance of inbound flight emissions and a failure to assess the effect of non-carbon dioxide emissions on the climate.

CAGNE also argues that plans for the expansion wrongly rely on the Jet Zero Strategy (JZS), which is based on ambitious scenarios for the development of the aviation industry. The JZS assumes significant improvements in areas such as fuel efficiency, beyond current technology.

CAGNE sent a pre-action protocol letter to the Transport Secretary at the start of October 2025, calling for the decision to grant development consent to be reversed.

Now, the group has filed a judicial review claim against the decision on the following grounds:

  • Flawed approach to calculating the significance of greenhouse gas emissions and/or failure to provide adequate reasons.
  • Error of law in the treatment of greenhouse gas emissions from international inbound flights.
  • Error of law in the treatment of non-carbon dioxide emissions.
  • Failure to take into account material risks in relation to the Jet Zero Strategy (JZS) and/or comply with the duty to make enquiries and/or irrational approach to the JZS.
  • Error of law in relying extensively on the JZS, which is itself unlawful.
  • Unlawful failure to weigh noise harms in the planning balance.
  • Unlawful requirement concerning wastewater treatment.

Leigh Day solicitor Julia Eriksen, who represents CAGNE, said:

“The impact of a second runway at Gatwick Airport will undoubtedly be significant, and a thorough evaluation of the effects of this on the environment should be a key part of any proposal. However, our client says that the environmental impact has not been properly assessed, and that development consent has been granted despite a number of flaws in the planning application. After calling on the Transport Secretary to revoke development consent in a pre-action letter, CAGNE is now pursuing a judicial review challenge.”

The Campaign to Protect Rural England's branch in Sussex said it supported CAGNE's judicial review claim.

Our first story giving reaction to the Gatwick decision including the comments from Tunbridge Wells and Tonbridge MPs are on this link:
https://www.westkentradio.co.uk/news/west-kent-news/gatwick-expansion-approved/

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